Makar Sankranti is one of the most popular festivals in India. It is celebrated on January 14 every year, marking the transition of the Sun into the zodiac sign Capricorn (Makara). This festival signifies the end of winter and the beginning of longer and warmer days. Among the many traditions associated with Makar Sankranti, kite flying holds a special place. People of all ages take to the skies with colorful kites, creating a vibrant and joyful atmosphere. But why do we fly kites on this day? Let’s explore the reasons behind this unique tradition.
The Historical Significance of Kite Flying
The tradition of flying kites during Makar Sankranti is believed to have started many centuries ago. Historical texts suggest that kite flying in India dates back to the time of kings and noblemen. It was introduced as a leisure activity for royalty, who enjoyed flying kites in the clear winter skies. Over time, this pastime spread to the masses and became a popular activity during festivals, especially Makar Sankranti.
Flying kites during this festival also symbolizes freedom and joy. The clear skies of January provide the perfect backdrop for this activity, allowing people to celebrate the arrival of warmer days.
Symbolic Meaning of Kite Flying
Kite flying on Makar Sankranti has a deeper spiritual meaning. It is said to represent our aspirations to reach higher planes of existence. The kites flying high in the sky symbolize the human spirit striving to connect with the divine. The thread, or “manjha,” which holds the kite, is seen as a link between the earthly and spiritual realms.
In some regions, kite flying is considered an offering to the Sun God, Surya. Makar Sankranti marks the day when the Sun starts its northward journey, known as Uttarayan. This is a time of renewal and growth, and flying kites is a way of expressing gratitude to the Sun for its energy and life-giving light.
Scientific and Health Benefits
One practical reason behind kite flying during Makar Sankranti is its connection to health. During the winter months, people often stay indoors to avoid the cold. As a result, they may not get enough exposure to sunlight. Makar Sankranti encourages people to step outside and spend time under the sun. This helps the body absorb Vitamin D, which is essential for bone health and overall immunity.
Additionally, flying kites involves physical activity, which promotes better blood circulation and keeps the body active. The combination of sunlight and exercise makes kite flying a healthy and enjoyable tradition.
Kite Flying and Social Bonding
Kite flying is not just an individual activity; it brings people together. On Makar Sankranti, families and communities gather on rooftops, open fields, and parks to fly kites. The sky is filled with vibrant colors, and the sound of laughter and cheers fills the air. People compete to cut each other’s kites, adding an element of fun and excitement.
This tradition fosters a sense of unity and togetherness. Neighbors, friends, and relatives come together to celebrate, share meals, and enjoy the festivities. In a way, kite flying strengthens social bonds and creates cherished memories.
Cultural Importance Across India
Makar Sankranti is celebrated in different ways across India, and kite flying is an integral part of the festivities in many regions. In Gujarat, the International Kite Festival, also known as Uttarayan, is a grand event. People from around the world come to Ahmedabad to witness the breathtaking spectacle of thousands of kites in the sky. The festival showcases traditional Indian kites alongside unique designs and themes from various countries.
In Rajasthan, kite flying is a highlight of Makar Sankranti celebrations. The people of Jaipur and Jodhpur participate enthusiastically, with kites of all shapes and sizes adorning the sky. The rooftops become lively arenas for friendly competitions, with participants shouting, “Kai Po Che!” when they successfully cut an opponent’s kite.
In Maharashtra, kite flying is paired with the exchange of sweets made from sesame seeds and jaggery. These sweets, called “tilgul,” symbolize harmony and goodwill. The phrase “Tilgul ghya, god god bola” (take tilgul and speak sweetly) captures the essence of the festival.
Kite Flying in Modern Times
Over the years, kite flying has evolved with changing times. Traditional handmade kites have given way to machine-made ones, and the variety of designs has expanded significantly. Today, kites feature everything from superheroes and cartoon characters to political figures and inspirational messages.
Modern kite flying also comes with challenges. The use of synthetic manjha, coated with glass or other sharp materials, poses risks to both humans and birds. Many states have banned such threads to ensure the safety of participants and the environment. Efforts are being made to promote eco-friendly kite flying by using biodegradable materials and avoiding harmful threads.